TFL Vsebine / Revija SIR*IUS

Amendments and additions to the Slovenian Employment Relations Act (ZDR-1)

Z Zakonom o spremembah in dopolnitvah Zakona o delovnih razmerjih (ZDR-1D) sta se v nacionalno zakonodajo prenesli Direktivi 2019/1152/EU in 2019/1158/EU. ZDR-1D je prinesel nekatere novosti in spremembe na področju urejanja delovnih razmerij, ki se nanašajo na obvezne sestavine pogodbe o zaposlitvi, na podaljšanje roka za vrnitev na delo ob suspenzu pogodbe o zaposlitvi, na povečanje pravne varnosti agencijskih delavcev in napotenih delavcev na delo v tujino, na določitev subsidiarne odgovornosti podizvajalčevega sopogodbenika, na implementacijo načela sorazmernosti pri določanju trajanja poskusnega dela pri delovnih razmerjih za določen čas, na opredelitev časa odsotnosti zaradi izobraževanja kot delovnega časa, na podaljšanje obdobja za prenos neizkoriščenega letnega dopusta in druge. Spremembe se nanašajo tudi na povečanje pravne varnosti zaposlenih in predstavnikov delavcev v postopkih odpovedi pogodbe o zaposlitvi. Uvajajo se pravica delavca do izjave o očitanih kršitvah in skrajšanje obdobja za odpoved pogodbe o zaposlitvi iz krivdnega razloga ob ponovni kršitvi, novi neutemeljeni odpovedni razlogi in razlogi za izredno odpoved zaradi kršitev na strani delodajalca ter večja zaščita predstavnikov delavcev z določitvijo novih pravil za zadržanje učinkovanja odpovedi. Implementacija omenjenih direktiv je prinesla tudi novosti na področju usklajevanja poklicnega in zasebnega življenja ter nadgradnjo ureditve pravice do dela s krajšim delovnim časom, dela na domu in razporeditve delovnega časa. Na novo je uvedla oskrbovalski dopust, vključno z dodatnim varstvom delavcev zaradi nege in oskrbe, ter pravico do odklopa. Novosti ureditve se nanašajo tudi na pravice žrtev družinskega nasilja in skrajšanje dopustnega delovnega časa otrok, mlajših od 15 let.

The Act on Amendments and Additions to the Slovenian Employment Relations Act (ZDR-1D) transposes Directives 2019/1152/EU and 2019/1158/EU. The ZDR-1D introduced certain novelties and changes in the field of employment relations regulation, relating to the mandatory elements of the employment contract, the extension of the time limit for return to work in the event of suspension of the employment contract, and the increase of legal security for agency workers and workers posted abroad, the establishment of the vicarious liability of the subcontractor's co-contractor, the implementation of the principle of proportionality in determining the duration of probationary work in fixed-term employment relationships, the definition of time off for education as working time, the extension of the period for carrying over unused annual leave, and others. The amendments also relate to enhancing the legal certainty of employees and employees' representatives in dismissal procedures. It introduces the right of the employee to a statement on the alleged breaches and a reduction of the period for termination of the employment contract on the grounds of fault in the event of repeated breaches, new unfounded grounds for dismissal and grounds for extraordinary dismissal for breaches on the part of the employer, and greater protection for workers' representatives by laying down new rules for suspending the effect of dismissal. The implementation of these Directives has also brought new developments in the area of work-life balance and upgraded the regulation of the right to part-time work, homeworking and the organisation of working time. It has reintroduced care leave, including additional protection for care workers, and the right to disconnection. The new rules also concern the rights of victims of domestic violence and the reduction of the permissible working time for children under 15 years of age.