TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

7

Doktrina nujne zmogljivosti je instrument konkurenčnega prava, po katerem lahko podjetje zahteva dostop do zmogljivosti, ki jo ima v oblasti drugo podjetje (s prevladujočim položajem na trgu te zmogljivosti) in ki je nujna za nastop na spodnjem trgu. Avtor si prizadeva odgovoriti na raziskovalno vprašanje, kako izbrane paradigme konkurenčne politike vplivajo na razumevanje vsebine doktrine nujne zmogljivosti in na njeno izvrševanje? Avtor predstavi vpliv izbranih paradigem konkurenčne politike na razumevanje in izvrševanje doktrine v Združenih državah Amerike in v Evropski uniji. Pri tem se osredinja na harvardsko šolo, chicaško šolo in na ordoliberalizem. V prispevku poudari, da je bila doktrina v Združenih državah Amerike oblikovana v času razcveta harvardske šole, njen vpliv pa je začel pešati s povečevanjem vpliva chicaške šole, pod vplivom katere je nazadnje tudi bila odpravljena. Evropsko konkurenčno pravo je bilo do prehoda na »bolj ekonomski pristop« trdno zasidrano v ordoliberalizmu, ki poudarja pomen državnih intervencij na trgu. Uspeh doktrine v Evropski uniji je mogoče pripisati prav temu. S pešanjem vpliva ordoliberalizma na evropsko konkurenčno pravo pa se je zmanjšal tudi pomen doktrine.

The essential facilities doctrine is a competition law tool that allows an economic entity to demand access to a facility controlled by another economic entity (with a dominant position in the market for that facility) if access to the facility is necessary to access the downstream market. The author attempts to answer the research question: How do selected competition policy paradigms influence the understanding of the doctrine’s content and its execution? The author presents the impact of selected competition policy paradigms on the understanding and application of the doctrine in the United States of America and the European Union, focusing on the Harvard School, the Chicago School, and Ordoliberalism. He points out that the doctrine was developed and peaked in the United States of America at the time of the dominance of the Harvard School. The doctrine’s influence began to wane with the rise of the Chicago School, which ultimately eclipsed it within the legal framework. Before the transition to the “more economic approach”, European competition law was deeply rooted in Ordoliberalism. This emphasises the imperative of intervention in the market, a principle that contributed to the success of this doctrine in the European Union. As the ordoliberal influence on European competition law began to wane, so too did the significance of the doctrine.

A Critical View on the Influence of Competition Analysis Paradigms on the Essential Facilities Doctrine