TFL Vsebine / Revija SIR*IUS

Justification of Transfer Pricing for Financial Transactions

Ne glede na to, da sodobna mednarodna podjetja redno izvajajo različne finančne transakcije znotraj skupine povezanih družb, Smernice OECD-ja do izdaje novih vodil februarja letos nikoli niso vsebinsko podrobneje obravnavale vidikov, ki so pomembni za določanje oziroma utemeljevanje transfernih cen pri izvajanju finančnih transakcij. Nova vodila OECD-ja, ki jih je pravzaprav treba razumeti kot deseto poglavje Smernic OECD-ja, tako prvič vsebinsko obravnavajo možne pristope za uporabo neodvisnega tržnega načela pri določanju in utemeljevanju transfernih cen, pri čemer se osredotočajo predvsem na finančne transakcije, ki se tipično pojavljajo med povezanimi družbami znotraj skupin mednarodnih podjetij. Čeprav se neodvisno tržno načelo pri finančnih transakcijah lahko uporabi tudi na podlagi smernic, ki se na splošno uporabljajo za določanje transfernih cen, je dodana vrednost novih smernic velika, saj je verjetno, da bodo zaradi večje vsebinske dorečenosti in sprejemljivosti pristopov pripomogle k zmanjšanju davčnih sporov zaradi transfernih cen pri finančnih transakcijah. V članku so predstavljene finančne transakcije, ki jih tipično izvajajo mednarodna podjetja med povezanimi družbami znotraj skupine, ter od OECD-ja priznani pristopi za uporabo neodvisnega tržnega načela pri določanju transfernih cen posameznih vrst finančnih transakcij.

Although modern MNEs enter into various intercompany financial transactions on a regular basis, OECD transfer pricing guidelines had never contained specific aspects or guidance on how the arm’s length principle could be applied when determining and justifying transfer prices for financial transactions, until the Transfer Pricing Guidance on Financial Transactions was issued by OECD in February this year. Transfer Pricing Guidance on Financial Transactions actually present new Chapter X of the OECD Transfer pricing guidelines, which will also be officially included into them, when OECD officially issues the new version of the transfer pricing guidelines. In new guidelines (Chapter X), we can for the first time find discussions and OECD recognised approaches to apply the arm’s length principle in relation to determining and justifying transfer prices when undertaking various intercompany financial transactions. The focus is, in particular, on financial transactions, which typically occur between associated parties within MNEs. It is assumed that the value added of these new guidelines is quite high. Namely, it is likely that the taxpayers and tax administrations will follow the OECD approaches, which will consequently reduce transfer pricing dispute resolutions in the area of performing intercompany financial transactions. This article presents basic considerations and OECD recognised approaches regarding the most typical financial transactions occurring between associated companies.