TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

4

Zakon o partnerski zvezi (ZPZ) uvaja dve novi obliki družinskopravne skupnosti, in sicer sklenjeno in nesklenjeno partnersko zvezo. Zakon sklenjeno partnersko zvezo glede pravnih posledic izenačuje z zakonsko zvezo, nesklenjeno partnersko zvezo pa z zunajzakonsko skupnostjo. Zato je tudi pravno razmerje med partnerjema v sklenjeni oziroma nesklenjeni partnerski zvezi enako pravnemu razmerju med zakoncema oziroma razmerju med zunajzakonskima partnerjema. Glede ugotavljanja obstoja sklenjene partnerske zveze, tako kot pri obstoju zakonske zveze, ni težav, saj ta nastane v trenutku sklenitve. Obstoj nesklenjene partnerske zveze pa je treba, tako kot obstoj zunajzakonske skupnosti, v vsakem konkretnem primeru posebej ugotavljati. Novi zakon napotuje na smiselno uporabo določb o zakonski zvezi tudi glede temelja partnerske zveze in enakopravnosti partnerjev oziroma partneric. Najpomembnejša določba ZPZ v zvezi z razmerjem istospolnih partnerjev do otrok pa je določba, ki izrecno določa, da partnerja partnerske zveze in partnerja nesklenjene partnerske zveze ne moreta skupaj posvojiti otroka ter da nista upravičena do postopkov oploditve z biomedicinsko pomočjo.

The Civil Union Act introduced two new forms of family law communities for same-sex couples: registered civil unions and unregistered civil unions. As regards their legal consequences, the law has equalised registered civil unions with marriage and unregistered civil unions with common-law marriage. Consequently, the legal relationship between partners of a registered civil union is the same as the relationship between spouses and the relationship between partners of an unregistered civil union the same as the relationship between common-law spouses. There are no difficulties with regard to establishing the existence of a registered civil union, as such, just as marriage, exists from the moment it is contracted. However, the existence of an unregistered civil union must, similarly as the existence of a common-law marriage, be specifically established in every single case. The new law refers to the application of the provisions on marriage as regards the foundation of the civil union and the equality of the partners. In the field of property law, the most important consequence of contracting a civil union is the creation of joint property. The most important provision of the law concerning the relationship between same-sex partners and their children is the provision that explicitly provides that partners of registered civil unions and partners of unregistered civil unions cannot jointly adopt children, and that they are not entitled to biomedically-assisted procreation.

(Un)registered Civil Unions: The Relationship between Partners and their Relations towards Children