TFL Vsebine / Pravni letopis

Avtorica analizira več pomembnih sodnih odločb Vrhovnega sodišča Republike Slovenije (VSRS) in Ustavnega sodišča Republike Slovenije, ki so bile v objavljene v zadnjih 15 letih na temo nujnega dedovanja in z njim povezanih institutov ter po mnenju avtorice bistveno pripomorejo k razvoju prava na tem področju. Pri tem se osredotoča na temo daril, ki se jih po zakonu prišteva k čisti vrednosti zapuščine zaradi ugotavljanja obračunske vrednosti zapuščine, ki je osnova za določanje nujnih deležev, s posebnim poudarkom na sodnih odločbah, v katerih je VSRS presojalo (ne)odplačnost pogodb o dosmrtnem preživljanju in pogodb o preužitku, ter novejše sodne odločbe glede instituta izločitve iz zapustnikovega premoženja v korist njegovih potomcev iz 32. člena Zakona o dedovanju, ki prav tako pomembno vpliva na izračun nujnega deleža. Avtorica opozarja tudi na nepravilno dopuščanje ničnostne sankcije za primer prikrajšanja nujnega deleža v sodobni slovenski sodni praksi in nepotrebno vnašanje problema ustavnosti pravice do nujnega deleža v sodne odločbe VSRS, v katerih se obravnava (le) vprašanje (ne)odplačnosti pogodb o dosmrtnem preživljanju oziroma pogodb o preužitku. Na koncu analizira dve novejši sodni odločbi v zvezi z dedno nevrednostjo in razdedinjenju nujnih dedičev.

The article analyses several important judicial decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Slovenia (SCRS) and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia issued over past fifteen years on compulsory succession and related institutes and, in the author’s opinion, have significantly contributed to the development of the law in this area. It focuses on the subject of gifts which, under the law, are to be added to the net value of the estate for the purpose of determining the accrued value of the estate, which is the basis for the determination of the necessary shares, with particular emphasis on the judicial decisions in which the SCRS has considered the (non)payment of lifetime maintenance and survivorship contracts, as well as recent judicial decisions on the institution of the exclusion of a decedent’s estate in favour of their descendants under the Article 32 of the Succession Act, which also significantly impacts the calculation of the forced share. The article also draws attention to the incorrect admission of the nullity sanction for the deprivation of the forced share in contemporary Slovenian case law and the unnecessary introduction of the problem of the constitutionality of the right to the forced share into the decisions of the SCRS, which deal (only) with the issue of the (non)payment of lifetime maintenance or survivorship contracts. Finally, it analyses two recent court decisions concerning incapacity to inherit and on the disinheritance of forced heirs.

Necessary Succession (and Related Institutions) in Slovenian Case Law