TFL Vsebine / Pravni letopis

Kupec za svoj denar pričakuje stvar, ki v razumnem časovnem intervalu po nakupu služi svojemu namenu. Če temu ni tako, slovenski pravni red pozna dva (pravno) različna, vendar (delno) prekrivajoča se instituta varstva kupčevega interesa. Kupec se lahko v večini primerov ob nakupu določenih vrst blaga sklicuje tako na odgovornost (jamčevanje) za neskladnost blaga s pogodbo kot na odgovornost (garancijo) za brezhibno delovanje stvari. Prispevek se osredotoča na ureditev instituta garancije v slovenskem pravnem redu, kakršnega vzpostavlja Zakon o varstvu potrošnikov (ZVPot-1). Glede na Zakon o varstvu potrošnikov (ZVPot) novi zakon ohranja obvezno garancijo (sicer zgolj) proizvajalca in k prostovoljni garanciji dodaja t. i. tržno garancijo trajnosti. V slovenskem prostoru imamo torej še vedno opraviti z dvema vrstama garancij. Prva je obvezna garancija, ki pomeni zakonskemu jamčevanju vzporedno kogentno ureditev varstva kupčevega interesa. Druga je prostovoljna (tržna) garancija, ki ji je v skladu z aktualnimi vizijami dodana nova podkategorija. V zvezi s tem prispevek analizira, v čem o(b)stajajo prednosti obvezne garancije glede na kogentno jamčevanje in katere novosti pravzaprav prinaša tržna garancija trajnosti.

In exchange for his money, the buyer expects good that will serve its purpose for a reasonable period of time after the conclusion of the contract. If this is not the case, the Slovenian legal system provides for two (legally) different but (partly) overlapping institutes protecting the same buyer’s interests. In most cases, when buying certain types of goods, the buyer can rely on both, a legal liability of the seller and a mandatory guarantee for proper functioning. The following paper focuses on the latter institute, as regulated by the Consumer Protection Act (ZVPot-1). Compared to the late Consumer Protection Act (ZVPot), the new law retains the mandatory guarantee for proper functioning of the producer and introduces the »commercial guarantee of durability«. The first is the mandatory guarantee for proper functioning, designed to protect the buyer’s interests alongside the liability of the seller. The second is the commercial guarantee, to which a new subcategory has been added in line with current sustainability visions. The paper analyses the advantages of the mandatory guarantee for proper functioning compared to the legal liability of the seller. It also examines what new features a commercial guarantee of durability could actually bring.

Types and characteristics of guarantees in ZVPot-1