TFL Vsebine / Revija Revus

Kritika je v podnaslovu mišljena v kantovskem smislu kritične ali prevpraševalne filozofije, avtor pa v prispevku obravnava predvsem v Franciji in Združenih državah Amerike odmevne poskuse, s katerimi psihoanalitično navdahnjeni nauki osvetljujejo temelje prava in njegovo veljavnost. Po tem ko predstavi podlage teh pristopov v delih Freuda, se posveti razlagama izvorov in veljavnosti prava, ki sta ju podala Lacan in Legendre. Osredotoči se na misel, po kateri naj bi imela »zakon nezavednega« in pravni »zakon« podobni strukturi: s čustvenega vidika sta oba zaznamovana z občutkom izgube izvirne popolnosti, ki jo enkrat predstavlja istovetnost z »materjo«, drugič pa nedosegljiva celota »pravičnosti« in »resnice«. Iz tega občutka se porodi posamezno poželenje, ki je v psihoanalizi obravnavano kot odločilni vir subjektivitete (tudi pravne subjektivitete). Avtor končno omeni še opozorila pravne antropologije glede omejitev, ki jih ima osredotočanje na zahodno pravno mišljenje. Razprava je bila sprva objavljena v Bung, Valerius in Ziemann (ur.), Normativität und Rechtskritik, Stuttgart, Franz Steiner (ARSP Beiheft; 114), 2007, 217–225. Za kritiko osnutka se avtor zahvaljuje odv. Martinu Schulteju. Besedilo je iz nemščine prevedla Maja Smrkolj.

The contribution analyses and critically assesses explanations of psychoanalytically inspired theories on the interpretation and validity of law that received attention mainly in France and the United States. The author firstly offers an introduction to the basics of psychoanalytical legal theories that stem from the works of Sigmund Freud. He proceeds to the interpretation of the origins of law and its validity, as they were offered by Jacques Lacan and his pupil, psychoanalyst and legal historian Pierre Legendre. On this basis, he focuses on the idea in these theories, that there exists a parallel structure of “the Law” and “the law of the unconscious”: emotionally, both are characterised by the perceived loss of an imagined original perfection, be it of identification with the “mother” or of unattainable perfections of “justice” and “truth”. Through subjecting men to a frightening threat of solitude, this experience of loss also gives birth to individual desire, which is perceived by psychoanalysis as the decisive source of subjectivity. Finally, the author draws attention to the caveats of the legal anthropology regarding the limitations of the fixation on merely western legal thought. The German text of this article is re-published from Jochen Bung, Brian Valerius & Sascha Ziemann (Eds.), Normativität und Rechtskritik, Stuttgart, Franz Steiner (ARSP Beiheft; 114), 2007, 217–225. The author thanks Martin Schulte, LL.M., for critical comments on a previous draft. Maja Smrkolj, LL.M., translated the original into Slovenian.